Method of making fiber fusee-caps.



RDUTCHER.

METHOD 0F MAKING FIBER FUSBE OAPS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 26, 1907`l IIIIHHHHUIHIW! Patented FehgZ, 1910.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.`

FRANK DUTCHEB, 0F VERSAILLES, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD 0F MAKING' FIBER FUSEE-CAIS.

Specification o! Letters Patent.

Application led July 26, 1907. Serial No. 385,753.

tion, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in method of making fiber fusee caps, the object of which is to improve and cheapen the closure for the cap, and to avoid certain well known and recognized defects of the form of closure which is now used by manufacturers.

fThe closure for fusee caps now practically universally used by manufacturers, consists of what is termed among them as the wood button which is glued in the end of the aper or fiber tube of which the cap is ormed.

The button closure now in use is expensive both in respect to the button itself and the labor of cementinv it in the end of the tube. This work is perfbrmed by cheap labor (of necessity) to meet competition, and hence to a considerable extent by careless persons, it is found not infrequently, that these but- .tons are placed in the ends of the tube forming the cap without any cement whatever,

and very often imperfectly cemented there-l in. As a consequence in the shipping of the goods the loose or imperfectly cemented button becomes detached in the box containin the fusees, and the body of the fusee wil then push through the cap and thus exposing the complementary ignitine materials on the end of the fusee and gli the button or cap, and serious fires have been E known to occur in this way.

My improved cap not only overcomes the foregoing defect, but provides a closure which is much cheaper and of far better appearance than any known to me.-

In theaccompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved cap,

showing it in position upon the end of a fusee. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central sectional view of my improved cap. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central. sectional view of my improved cap, showing diagrammaticall the rst step of the improved methodV of c osing the end of the tube. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the final stepl of the method for closing the end of t e tube.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal central sectional view of a modification of my improved fusee cap. Fig. 6 is a.v similar view of a further modification of my improved fusee gn carrying out my invention a pa er or fiber tube l is formed, and prefera ly this tube is formed from a sheet rolled and pasted in the usual way. The tube is provided with an extended end 2, shown in .dotted lines Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. This tube is placed upon a'stationary mandrel 3 and a rapidly revolvmg pressure actuatedtool 4 is caused to engage the extended end of the tube. As the tool 4 'is revolved it is first subjected to a comparatively light ressure which crimps or folds the extende end of the tube as shown in Fig. 3. lVhen the crimped portion is brought in contact with the'endof the stationary mandrel the revolving tool 4 is subjected to a severe pressure, and the` revolution of the tool under this pressure disintegrates the fibers of the crimped portion and forms a closed end for the tube of substantially a homo eneous mass which substantially correspon s with the wall of the tube, and hermetically closes the end of the tube. This result is accomplished by reason of the pressure upon the crimped portion of the extended end of the tube between the stationary and revolving' mandrels. L

For the purpose of improving the result, the extended end of the tube is first dampened before it is crimped, and this dam ening is preferably effected with paste, vw ich yfacilitates the crimping, the disintegrating of the fibers and in making the dlosed portion of' the tube substantlally a homoge' nous mass. Furthermore the paste serves to unite the fibers, stillen the closedend, and enable a polished or burnished eiect on the outer surface of the closed end.

The tool 4 is being revolved and as it is forced against` the extended end of the tube, the extended end will give away and be crimped under a comparatively light pressure, and the continued movement of the tool 4 under heavy pressure produces the result hereinbefore mentioned, the movement of the tool both endwise and rotating bein continuous from the beginning to the nis ing of the operation. In order to produce the best 'result it is necessary that the 60014 be subjected to sutlicient pressuref and speed to at least form an outer rammed Feb. 22, 191e.

surface on the closure of disintegrated compressed ber, and it will be understood that the depth of this result on the cover w 1ll depend upon the degree of pressure, rapidity of the rotary movement of the tool, and the eriod of time to which the .crimped portion is subjected to the rotary movement under pressure between the mandrel and the rotating tube. l

I have discovered that in order to produce this result the tool must revolve rapidly, and the pressure must be sufficient to at least disintegrate and compress the outer surface of the closure, in order to maintain the closure fixed and agaln'st shrinkage or opening up, and that this pressure can only be obtainedby clamping the crimped portion between the surfaces operating thereon.

Preferably the pressure is sucient to' form the closure into a homogeneous .mass at least equal to the wall of the tube, but even so I find that there seems to be some apparent crimping evidences on the outer surface of the closure, although when the closure is severed in a direction longitudinal the tube, it appears to be of a substantially homogeneous mass, although the rotating tool acts only on the outer surface of the closure, and pressure only on the inner surface.

It is well known to those skilled in this art that it is the usual ractice to provide the fusee cap and the see with complementary igniting materials, the fusee ca protecting `the igniting material on` the en of the fusee. tary material has in some cases been placed on the/closure wood button) of the fusee cap, and in ot er instances it has been placed on the side of the fusee cap. It is essential that no loosel portions or grains of the complementary materials ofthe cap andthe fusee should vcome together at any time, and especially when being shipped. It is therefore important that when the igniting material is placedl on the closure it must be impossible for it to work through the closure and come in contact with the igniting material' ofthe fusee. A closure such as that herein shown and described is so perfect that yit is absolutely impossible for an loose particles of the material to work t rough the closure either when bein applied, or after it is appliedf f -1 It is sometimes desirable that the closure of the cap be provided at its side with a lling or cushion for the end of the fusee to abut against. My improved vmethod ofeffecting this closure enables me to produce a closure with a hermetically sealed outer surface and a cushioninner surface. This vis accomplished b. turning inso much of the tube as vto orm a crimped lapping cushion effect at'the inner side as shown in Heretofore the complemen- Patent is:

Fig. 5, or in other Words providinfr an increased extension of the tube before the closing o eration. v

It is a so found in practice that the cap sometimes ts thefusee so tightly that it is difficult t0 remove it where it has straight outer walls, for the reason that the tighter or more firmly the cap is grasped by the hand to remove it the more irmly it is pressed against the fusee. On the other hand if the cap is provided with a projection toprevent it from slipping through the hand it can be removed without the necessity of ti htlygrasping it. My improved method o closing the tube enables ine to provide such a projection without any additional'cost, or any additional labor. -By reference to F ig. (S it will be observed that in forming the closure a bead or projection 5 may be provided, and this bead will also serve to strengthen the closure. This is effected by making the depending collar 6 of the tool 4 loose on the tube, and this bead can be formed either with or Without the cushion edect hereinbefore referred to.

To my knowledge manufacturers of fusecs have for years sought, and endeavored to discover some cheaper, more effective land fusee caps, and inl many efforts in various aware `they have not succeeded in doing vaway with the old Wood button. The heat produced by the friction of the rapidly revolving tool, dries the aste, so that the cover becomes fixed and) remains in its shaped form. The operation of crimping and finishing the closure is rapid, and 1t is the rapidly revolving tool which enables the result to be quickly completed. When the capis removed from the mandrel the closure is dry, and,` hot.

A closure roduced by my method has the outer sur ace harder than the inner surface because of the burnishing effect of the tool upon the outer surface thereof, and this is true when there is no cushion formed at the inner side ofthe closure, and lis the inherent result of my improved method.

I do notclaim herein the cap itself, as that will make the subject-matter of a d'1- visional ap 'lication Having t us describedmy invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters l. Thel method of closing the end of a fiber-fuses cap tube, which consists in applying paste to an extended end of the tube, crimping inwardly said extended end, and final y subjecting said crim ed-in portion to a rotary pasting action undlr pressure.

2. The method of closing the" end of a -ber fusee cap, tube which consists in first crimping inwardly an extended end of the tube, and finally subjecting the crimped in .ways lhave been made, but so far as I am v portion to pressure between a stationary mandrel and a revolving tool.

3.' The method of closing the end of a liber fusee cap tube, which consists in irst crimping inwardly an extended end of the tube and finally subjecting the crimped in portion to pressure between inner and outer relatively rotatable and stationary members.

4. The method of closing the end of a fiber tube, which ilconsists in forcin in-V wardly all of the wall of an extende end of the tube into foldsy or crimps, and then subjecting the folds or crimps to a surface disintegrating action under pressure.

5. The method of closing the end of a fiber fusee cap tube, which consists in first crimping inwardly an extended end of the tube, and subjecting the crimped in portion combined rotary to a combined surface disintegrating and pasting action under pressure in the presence of paste.

6. The method of closing the end of a fiber fusee cap tube, which consists in applying paste to an extended end of the `tube crimping inwardly said extended end, and subjecting the crimped-in end to a suicient rictional heating and pasting pressure, to paste the crimped portion and to dry the paste.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presencel of two Witnesses.

FRANK DUTCHER.

Witnesses: I

JOHN L. FLETCHER, C. R. Wnlorrr, Jr. 

